Stroke is a condition that occurs when blood supply to the brain is disrupted or reduced due to a blockage (ischemic stroke) or rupture of blood vessels (hemorrhagic stroke). Without blood, the brain will not get oxygen and nutrition, so cells in some areas of the brain will die. This condition causes parts of the body that are controlled by damaged brain areas to not function properly.
Stroke is an emergency condition that needs to be treated as soon as possible, because brain cells can die in just minutes. Quick and appropriate treatment measures can minimize the level of brain damage and prevent the possibility of complications.
Also read: Can Hemorrhagic Stroke Be Cured?
Stroke Risk Factors
There are several factors that increase the risk of stroke. In addition to stroke, this risk factor can also increase the risk of heart attack. These factors include:
Health factors, which include:
Hypertension.
Diabetes.
High cholesterol.
Obesity.
Heart disease, such as heart failure, congenital heart disease, heart infections, or arrhythmias.
Sleep apnea.
Have had a TIA or heart attack before.
Lifestyle factors, which include:
Smoke.
Lack of exercise or physical activity.
Use of illegal drugs.
Alcohol addiction.
Other factors:
Heredity. People who have family members who have had a stroke are at high risk of experiencing the same disease.
With increasing age, a person has a higher risk of stroke compared to younger people.
Causes of Stroke
Based on the cause, there are two types of strokes, namely:
Ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke occurs when the arteries that carry blood and oxygen to the brain are narrowed, causing blood flow to the brain to be greatly reduced. This condition is also called ischemia. Ischemic strokes can be further divided into 2 types, thrombotic strokes and embolic strokes.
Hemorrhagic stroke . Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and causes bleeding. Bleeding in the brain can be triggered by several conditions that affect blood vessels. These conditions include uncontrolled hypertension, weakening of the walls of blood vessels, and treatment with blood thinners. Hemorrhagic stroke consists of two types, namely intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Stroke Symptoms
Each part of the brain controls different parts of the body, so the symptoms of a stroke depend on the part of the brain affected and the level of damage. That is why the symptoms or signs of stroke can vary from person to person. However, strokes generally appear suddenly. There are three main symptoms of stroke that are easy to recognize, namely:
One side of the face will look down and unable to smile because the mouth or eyes droop.
Unable to lift one arm because it feels weak or numb. Not only the arms, limbs that are one side with the arms are also experiencing weakness.
Speech is unclear, chaotic, or even unable to speak at all even though the patient looks conscious.
Some other symptoms and signs of stroke, namely:
Nausea and vomiting.
Severe headaches that come suddenly, accompanied by stiffness in the neck and spinning dizziness (vertigo).
Loss of consciousness.
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), resulting in choking.
Disturbances in balance and coordination.
Sudden loss of vision or double vision.
Stroke is an emergency condition that needs to be treated as soon as possible, because brain cells can die in just minutes. Quick and appropriate treatment measures can minimize the level of brain damage and prevent the possibility of complications.
Also read: Can Hemorrhagic Stroke Be Cured?
Stroke Risk Factors
There are several factors that increase the risk of stroke. In addition to stroke, this risk factor can also increase the risk of heart attack. These factors include:
Health factors, which include:
Hypertension.
Diabetes.
High cholesterol.
Obesity.
Heart disease, such as heart failure, congenital heart disease, heart infections, or arrhythmias.
Sleep apnea.
Have had a TIA or heart attack before.
Lifestyle factors, which include:
Smoke.
Lack of exercise or physical activity.
Use of illegal drugs.
Alcohol addiction.
Other factors:
Heredity. People who have family members who have had a stroke are at high risk of experiencing the same disease.
With increasing age, a person has a higher risk of stroke compared to younger people.
Causes of Stroke
Based on the cause, there are two types of strokes, namely:
Ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke occurs when the arteries that carry blood and oxygen to the brain are narrowed, causing blood flow to the brain to be greatly reduced. This condition is also called ischemia. Ischemic strokes can be further divided into 2 types, thrombotic strokes and embolic strokes.
Hemorrhagic stroke . Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and causes bleeding. Bleeding in the brain can be triggered by several conditions that affect blood vessels. These conditions include uncontrolled hypertension, weakening of the walls of blood vessels, and treatment with blood thinners. Hemorrhagic stroke consists of two types, namely intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Stroke Symptoms
Each part of the brain controls different parts of the body, so the symptoms of a stroke depend on the part of the brain affected and the level of damage. That is why the symptoms or signs of stroke can vary from person to person. However, strokes generally appear suddenly. There are three main symptoms of stroke that are easy to recognize, namely:
One side of the face will look down and unable to smile because the mouth or eyes droop.
Unable to lift one arm because it feels weak or numb. Not only the arms, limbs that are one side with the arms are also experiencing weakness.
Speech is unclear, chaotic, or even unable to speak at all even though the patient looks conscious.
Some other symptoms and signs of stroke, namely:
Nausea and vomiting.
Severe headaches that come suddenly, accompanied by stiffness in the neck and spinning dizziness (vertigo).
Loss of consciousness.
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), resulting in choking.
Disturbances in balance and coordination.
Sudden loss of vision or double vision.
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